Hirano’s Cover-Body Model

  • The Cover-Body model is a model initially described by Minoru Hirano in 1974 to explain the vibratory properties of the vocal cord.1
  • In his model, the 5 layers of the vocal cord can be reclassified into 3 sections based on their differing mechanical properties:2
    1. A cover comprising of the epithelium and superficial lamina propria.
    2. A transition zone comprising the intermediate and deep lamina propria.
    3. A body comprised of the vocalis (also known as the thyroarytenoid).
  • Hirano proposed that the contrasting masses and physical properties of the cover and the body cause them to vibrate at different rates. The interaction of these different layers allow for the control of vibration and sound at the level of the vocal folds.
  1. Hirano, Minoru. “Morphological structure of the vocal cord as a vibrator and its variations.” Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica 26.2 (1974): 89-94. 

  2. Hirano, Minoru. “Vocal mechanisms in singing: laryngological and phoniatric aspects.” Journal of Voice 2.1 (1988): 51-69. 

Last updated October 27, 2022